How does temperature affect the kinetic energy of particles?

The relationship between temperature and the kinetic energy of particles is fundamental in thermodynamics. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. As the temperature of a substance increases, the kinetic energy of its particles also increases. This is because higher temperatures give molecules more energy, leading them to move faster.

When temperature rises, the average distance between particles tends to increase as well, due to increased motion and activity. This correlation allows us to confidently assert that as we heat a substance, the kinetic energy of its individual particles will also rise proportionately, reflecting the energy available for translations, vibrations, and rotations of the particles.

Therefore, the correct assertion is that kinetic energy increases as temperature increases, which aligns with the understanding of kinetic molecular theory and the behavior of gases, liquids, and solids under thermal effects.