How is molarity calculated?

Molarity is defined as the concentration of a solution expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. To calculate molarity, you take the moles of solute (the substance that is being dissolved) and divide it by the volume of the solution (the total volume of the solvent plus the solute) measured in liters. This relationship is crucial in chemistry as it allows for consistency in measuring and using solutions for reactions, and it helps ensure that reactions occur in a predictable manner based on concentration.

Understanding the formula for molarity (M = moles of solute / liters of solution) demonstrates its significance in stoichiometry and reactions, providing a clear and methodical way to relate the amount of reactants to the volume of the solution used in a given chemical context.